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Start with an idea, not with the need for money. The
best grants build on a concept and a mission. Applications seeking more
money to do more stuff may occasionally get funded, but they are not typically
competitive. Projects should break new ground, solve long-term problems,
and strike cord with the readers.
2. Research the funder. Explore websites,
talk with colleagues, meet with grantors before applying. Make certain
an application is going to the appropriate funder and that it is submitted
under the proper category. Funders have their own priorities; respect
these and learn to match the project to the best source of support.
3. Look for diversity in funding sources.
There are many small, local or regional foundations and companies that
fund special projects. Companies and their foundations are especially
fond of supporting efforts in their business territories. Look for long-term
relationships that might start small but that have the potential for
a bright future.
4. Collaborate. Submit applications
with other organization that may have more clout than yours. This presents
the perfect opportunity to build local capacity, spread the workload,
and create political power. Networking works.
5. Learn to write. One of the loudest
complaints from readers is that grant writers sometimes fail to make
their points concisely, clearly, and logically. Practice writing daily
and take a technical writing course if possible.
6. Read other grants. Reviewing the
efforts of other successful grant writers is a great way of learning
what works, techniques for presenting information, and language that
makes the point for the funder. All grant
writers have unique techniques that work for them; they will work for
you as well.
7. Read
the RFP. Every word in a Request for Proposals (RFP ) is there
for a reason. Pick complex RFPs apart section by section; outline the
major points and requirements; write the application point by point;
review the application prior to submission to assure compliance with
all requirements.
8. Edit.
Be surgical in editing the text. Cut out unnecessary verbiage, trim
run-on sentences, make the language precise, and use present or future
tense. Instead of sentences, occasionally use charts or lists that are
easy to read and that present the information concisely.
9. Be
specific. Provide specific data, specific actions, and specific
measures regarding the project. Do not focus on what-ifs, feelings,
opinions, or hunches when writing. Be committed to the design and the
achievable outcomes. Be confident, but not cocky, by stating the outcomes
the project will generate.
10. Define
the goals. Be precise, measurable, logical, sequential, and
clear. Tie the budget, methodology, staff activities, and evaluation
to these goals and objectives.
11. Talk
about the future. Link this project to the long-term efforts
of your organization to show lasting commitment.
12. Pony
up some dough. Through in-kind and or cash contributions, show
that the applicant believes in this project enough to dedicate a portion
of its resources to the effort.
13. Follow the submission guidelines. If the RFP states
that the proposal is to be no longer than 30 pages, do it. If the proposal
is to have 1 inch margins, be typed in a #12 font, and be double spaced,
do it. Be certain to also provide the appropriate number of copies;
do not staple or bind the application if the RFP so states; and provide
at least one large print copy and/or a disk containing the application
saved in delimited text.
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14.
Include the assurances. Be sure to attach all required
forms, signed by the appropriate personnel. Also, make sure that the
contact information, phone number, e-mail address, etc., of the project
director for the applicant is included.
15. Limit
the Appendices. Most funders allow for attachments that support
the case being made for funding. Label each section appropriately and
do not send every document or video tape ever produced. Sometimes, less
is more. Provide links to your website so that curious readers can explore
and be sure to clearly post information on your site that may sway the
funding decision.
16. Be patient. Many federal grants take almost a year
to process before hearing the funding decision, and large foundations
often require multiple stages of application.
17. Don’t
wait for the RFP. If a project idea exists, building local
partnerships, internal management, and program capacity can begin long
before a funding source is determined. Doing this ground work now saves
precious development and writing time later.
18. Write
like you mean it. Grant writing is a tough business. It takes
energy, enthusiasm, great ideas, competent personnel to do the work,
a refined management system, but most of all, it takes work. Writers
should set aside significant blocks of time without interruption in
order to write a clear and logically sequential application. Last minute
efforts may be exciting, but they rarely result in great work. Plan
out the writing and research efforts. Use a team to secure letters of
support, to develop evaluation instruments, and/or to find supporting
data for the references section. Above all, leave enough time to share
the draft with others so that their ideas can be used to strengthen
the application.
Resources
There are thousands
of grant writing sources on the Internet. This is just a very small
sampling to get you started. We also suggest reading some funded proposals,
talking to grant writers and managers, and checking Amazon.com or your
local bookstore for books and manuals on grant writing.
• The Grantsmanship Center: http://www.tgci.com/
•
Government Grants: www.firstgov.com
•
GrantsNet at the U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services: http://www.hhs.gov/grantsnet/
•
The Foundation Center: http://www.fdncenter.org/
•
The Council on Foundations: http://www.cof.org/index.htm
•GrantHelp:
http://granthelp.clarityconnect.com/
Web-based
Articles of Interest to Grant Writers
•
Using Hard and Soft Data in Grant Proposals (from the Grantsmanship
Center):
http://www.tgci.com/publications/
97winter/hardsoft.htm
•
Outcomes & Evaluation Data in Grant Proposals (from the Grantsmanship
Center): http://www.tgci.com/publications/
97fall/insearo.htm
•
Faith-Based Issues (from the Nonprofit Sector Research Fund at the Aspen
Institute):
http://www.nonprofitresearch.org/
newsletter1525/newsletter_show.htm?doc_id=47879
•
Grant Writing Tips from Converge:
http://www.convergemag.com/Publications/
CNVGJan99/fundingtech/fundingtech.shtm
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